Search results for "Basic knowledge"
showing 10 items of 17 documents
Flavour: From food to perception
2016
Revue; This book will cover all aspects of flavour perception, including aroma, taste and the role of the trigeminal nerve, from the general composition of food to the perception at the peri-receptor and central level. This book will answer to a growing need for multidisciplinary approaches to better understand the mechanisms involved in flavour perception.The book presents the bases of anatomy of sensory perception. It will provide the requisite basic knowledge on the molecules responsible for flavour perception, on their release from the food matrix during the eating process in order to reach the chemosensory receptors, and on their retention and release from and transformation by bodily …
Artificial intelligence techniques for cancer treatment planning
1988
An artificial intelligence system, NEWCHEM, for the development of new oncology therapies is described. This system takes into account the most recent advances in molecular and cellular biology and in cell-drug interaction, and aims to guide experimentation in the design of new optimal protocols. Further work is being carried out, aimed to embody in the system all the basic knowledge of biology, physiopathology and pharmacology, to reason qualitatively from first principles so as to be able to suggest cancer therapies.
Education and Training for Parents Today, Discipline and Wellbeing for Children Tomorrow
2014
Abstract Children's upbringing is one of the most important and difficult roles and challenges for parents today. This paper presents a new model of parenting training developed within the project “BE Supportive, NOT violent! Positive parenting for happy children!”- III Daphne Programme (European Commission). Parents from several countries – among them Spain – were trained receiving informative background as well as practical advice for everyday use. The main results show that parents acquired useful techniques for upbringing children as communication skills or strategies to set limits, and moreover they got to know more about children's development. In this sense, providing basic knowledge…
Bordeaux 2018: Wine, Cheese, and γδ T Cells
2019
The first ‘International γδ T cell conference’ took place in Denver, CO (USA) in 2004. Since then, a new meeting is held every two years. During each conference, all participants voted to choose between candidate bids for where to hold the next conference. At the conference held in London in 2016, a majority opted for the bid from a team proposing the 2018 event be held in Bordeaux, France – which is where we therefore gathered on 7-10th of June 2018. The meeting was an undisputed success and it gave us the opportunity to take stock of the increasing basic knowledge about γδ T cells as well as the rapidly expanding interest and activities developing using γδ T cells towards clinical applica…
Are we confident that final‐year medical students know at least basics about diabetes?: A preliminary report from the multicenter, survey‐based Diabe…
2021
Abstract Background We present the results of the pilot study of a multinational “Diabetes Know‐Me” project investigating knowledge regarding diabetes of medical students. This is the first collaborative project of the ISPAD JENIOUS group. Methods Students of the final year of medical studies from six countries answered a 25‐question survey regarding basic knowledge concerning diabetes (1091 surveys handed out, response rate 86%). Results Among the responders (58% female) 90% confirmed attending diabetology classes; 11% planned to specialize in diabetology. There were significant differences between countries in the median score of correct answers ranging from 10/25 to 22/25. Attending diab…
L’éducation au plurilinguisme dès l’enfance : des réalités aux moyens d’agir (Maghreb, particulièrement l’Algérie)
2017
Ce que nous apprend la psycholinguistique, en particulier les chercheurs qui œuvrent sur plusieurs langues et dans une perspective interculturelle, c’est le caractère essentiel des premières acquisitions : non seulement le langage à travers la langue 1, mais avec langage par la langue 1, les fondamentaux de la pensée, concepts-cadres et relations.Nous constatons que l’école exerce ensuite un passage brutal en langue de scolarisation, et refuse la langue1 ; pourtant celle-ci pourrait jouer l’indispensable rôle de transition (1re année primaire, par ex.) afin de relier les premières acquisitions socio-cognitives et langagières avec les apprentissages scolaires. What psycholinguistics teaches …
How prior knowledge, learning, teaching and assessment affect students’ achievements in Mathematics
2020
El objeto de este estudio es investigar la influencia del conocimiento previo del alumnado, el enfoque de aprendizaje integral, la enseñanza basada en problemas y el impacto de la evaluación en el aprendizaje básico del estudiante de matemáticas a nivel universitario. La investigación plantea un diseño de investigación cuasi experimental y un cuestionario estructurado. En él participaron dos grupos experimentales y dos grupos de control. Los resultados muestran que existe una correlación no significativa entre el conocimiento previo y la habilidad de aprendizaje básico; también plantea que un enfoque de aprendizaje integral se correlaciona positivamente con el conocimiento previo, mientras …
Designing disease-resistant crops : from basic knowledge to biotechnology
2020
Ancient records describe how plant diseases were attributed to many causes which included divine power, religious belief, and superstition. Far from these days, we now have detailed knowledge about how plant immunity is executed. Plants employ two types of sensors to perceive and defeat the litany of pathogenic organisms that attack them, whilst microbes deploy a myriad of specialized weapons to suppress immunity and promote infection. This opens a path to exploiting these insights to increase crop resistance. Here we describe novel biotechnological approaches for designing superior disease-resistant crops to fight agricultural losses in the field while reducing chemical inputs, towards a m…
Use of the Cultex® Radial Flow System as an in vitro exposure method to assess acute pulmonary toxicity of fine dusts and nanoparticles with special …
2013
Exposure of the respiratory tract to airborne particles (including metal-dusts and nano-particles) is considered as a serious health hazard. For a wide range of substances basic knowledge about the toxic properties and the underlying pathomechanisms is lacking or even completely missing. Legislation demands the toxicological characterization of all chemicals placed on the market until 2018 (REACH). As toxicological in vivo data are rare with regard to acute lung toxicity or exhibit distinct limitations (e.g. inter-species differences) and legislation claims the reduction of animal experiments in general ("3R" principle), profound in vitro models have to be established and characterized to m…
Effects of starvation on survival, cannibalism, body mass, and intestinal protozoan profile in the subterranean termite Reticulitermes lucifugus
2019
Scarcity or inadequate nutrition can affect biological and behavioural aspects of subterranean termites and their intestinal protozoan profile. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in survival, cannibalism, body mass, and protist community structure of Reticulitermes lucifugus Rossi subspecies “Sicily” following starvation to provide basic knowledge for the development of more specific studies on a possible survival strategy under stressful conditions. In nature, this termite consumes many food sources and its feeding activity is continuous during the year. In a 35-day laboratory experiment, groups of 50 termites (worker/soldier ratio 49:1) were subjected to two diets, starvatio…